Knowing and not knowing about trauma: Implications for therapy.

Knowing and Not Knowing about Trauma: Implications for Therapy

Levels of awareness for trauma and their consequences for research, treatment, and prevention within professional psychology and society are considered. When people must endure chronically traumatic environments, it may be adaptive to isolate from awareness information that would produce cognitive dissonance and threaten necessary relationships. Unawareness may also facilitate functioning in en...

Knowing About Diagrams

Understanding diagrams and using them in problem solving requires extensive knowledge about the properties of diagrams, what diagram elements denote, how their parts are distinguished and referenced, how they relate to linguistic statements, and so forth. This knowledge is most naturally represented linguistically. Nonetheless, diagrams or imaginal representations of them are used in substantiv...

Knowing Intensional Individuals, and Reasoning About Knowing Intensional Individuals

This paper out l ines an approach toward computa t i ona l l y invest igat ing the processes involved in reasoning about the knowledge states of other cogn i t i ve agents. The approach is Fregean and is compared with the work of McCarthy and Creary. We describe how the formalism represents the knowing o f intensional i nd iv idua ls , c o r e f e r e n t i a l i t y , i t e r ated propos i t i...

Knowing or Not Knowing: Children’s Concept of ‘Having Life’

Knowledge development in children has long been investigated. Generally two main streams of thoughts have evolved. One approach suggests that knowledge is built up in a progressive manner based on some underlying principles which can be modified by experiences (Murphy & Medin, 1985). Alternatively, a pragmatic-shift approach argues that restructuring in concept structure is common in developmen...

Construing Polanyi’s Tacit Knowing as Knowing by Acquaintance Rather than Knowing by Representation: Some Implications